Malaysia Fighting Corruption: Approach and Lesson
Malaysia fighting corruption. Some of the findings from the World Bank Report called Enhancing Government Effectiveness and Transparency: The Fight Against Corruption in conjunction with the International Anti-Corruption Day 2021.
Malaysia’s Approach to Fighting Corruption was made a country spotlight in the report. To summarise, the Malaysian experience in combating corruption and improving governance provides three important lessons.
One, a well-functioning institutional framework that provides for checks and balances in government is key. When the anti-corruption and governance bodies—the GIACC and MACC—were accorded more powers and resources to deliver their mandate without undue political interference, the message and intentions were clear. Grand corruption cases could be investigated with greater autonomy and independence and brought to trial. Likewise, the passage of the Public Services Act and the Ombudsman Act and institutionalizing some of the ongoing reforms will be important for their sustainability in the long run and will minimize the risk of reversal with a change in government.
Two, strong support and a clear mandate from the top leadership is a prerequisite to pursue difficult reforms. The newly created GIACC was given a strong mandate from the country’s top leadership to coordinate the implementation of the National Anti-Corruption Plan. The was also assigned as the secretariat of the Cabinet Committee on Anti-Corruption, which provided it with a high-level top leadership platform to discuss, monitor and report on the implementation status of the NACP.
Three, it is important to have a broader coalition of reformers that is not limited to public institutions and other formal institutions of government. The role played by civil society groups, the media, businesses, academia, international partners and other concerned parties also complimented the efforts of the MACC and GIACC to combat corruption. Their involvement was not just on the technical front; at times they also provided the needed support to keep the reform agenda on track.
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